New phylloxera outbreak in Yarra

Published on Decanter.com 19 January 2009. Click here to see the article on the Decanter website or on the image below for a larger version.


A new outbreak of phylloxera was declared in Australia's Yarra Valley last month.

According to Victoria's Department of Primary Industries, 'a detection of the grapevine pest phylloxera has been made in an existing control area in the Yarra Valley, north east of Melbourne'.

The so-called Maroondah Phylloxera Infested Zone (PIZ) was declared after phylloxera was detected in the region in December 2006.

The declaration restricts the movement of grapevine materials, machinery and equipment out of the PIZ.

Senior DPI plant standard officer Greg King said that following a recent notification of poor vigour in a number of vines, 'samples were taken from the affected vines and DPI's reference entomologist confirmed the presence of the pest'.

The Phylloxera and Grape Industry Board of South Australia is the only body of its type in the world established specifically to deal with phylloxera. It publishes information on recognising phylloxera and warns that detections tend to be made up to several years after the initial occurrence of the infestation.

Grape growers in other regions, especially those who have had regular contact with the Yarra Valley or with high volumes of wine tourism, have been advised to be particularly vigilant in looking for signs of phylloxera.

Phylloxera is a small yellow root-feeding aphid. It only targets grapevines, which it kills by attacking their roots.

Info Mine - Carmenère

The Wine Mine Blagging Toolkit - 5 wine nuggets with which to impress your friends...

1. Nowadays, Carmenère is grown almost exclusively in Chile, although pockets can also be found in northeastern Italy and California.

2. Carmenère in France was decimated by the phylloxera epidemic of 1867. The French never re-introduced it due to its susceptibility to pests and relatively low yields. In contrast, Chile has remained phylloxera-free due to its geographical isolation (it is sealed off by the Atacama Desert, the Andes and the Pacific).

3. Carmenère in Chile was for many years incorrectly identified as Merlot, until genetic analysis in the 1990s revealed it to be the distinct Bordeaux varietal, originally planted in the Medoc. Chilean winemakers appear to have suspected that the would-be-Merlot was not the real McCoy, referring to it as rather apologetically as Merlot Chileno.

4. Carmenère needs more time on the vine than Merlot. It requires a fairly warm climate and does not respond well to high levels of rainfall.

5. Carmenère is one of the original six native Bordeaux varietals (the other five being Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Cabernet Franc, Malbec and Petit Verdot).

Info Mine - Phylloxera

The Wine Mine Blagging Toolkit - 5 wine nuggets with which to impress your friends...

1. Phylloxera is a louse which feeds on the roots of grapevines.

2. In the late 19th century, Phylloxera destroyed the majority of Europe's vineyards, hitting France especially hard.

3. North American grapevine roots are tolerant of Phylloxera, whereas European roots are not.

4. The best way to evade the ills of Phylloxera is therefore to "graft" North American rootstock onto your vine (i.e. physically stick the roots and the upper part of the vine together).

5. The only countries in the world not to have been affected by Phylloxera are Cyprus and Chile - both of which are geographically isolated (the former is obviously an island and the latter is hemmed in by the Andes, the Pacific and the Atacama desert).